wsxq2 · May 13, 2026 08:50
diff --git a/backup_sd.sh b/backup_sd.sh
 #!/bin/bash

 ################################################################################
 # 树莓派SD卡备份脚本（可安全地重复执行，即具备幂等性）
 ################################################################################
 #
 # 功能说明：
 #   本脚本用于备份树莓派的SD卡，将整个系统（包括boot分区和root分区）
 #   备份为一个.img镜像文件，该镜像可用于恢复或克隆到新的SD卡。
 #   支持通过HTTP代理下载优化工具，自动记录并显示备份耗时。
 #
 # 使用方法：
 #   sudo ./backup_sd.sh [代理服务器地址] [输出文件路径]
 #
 # 参数说明：
 #   [代理服务器地址] - 可选参数，指定HTTP代理服务器的IP地址
 #                      如果不指定，默认为: 192.168.3.121
 #                      代理端口固定为7890
 #   [输出文件路径]   - 可选参数，指定备份镜像的保存路径和文件名
 #                      如果不指定，默认保存为: /tmp/rpi-年月日时分秒.img
 #
 # 使用示例：
 #   1. 使用默认代理和默认文件名备份：
 #      sudo ./backup_sd.sh
 #
 #   2. 指定代理服务器：
 #      sudo ./backup_sd.sh 192.168.1.100
 #
 #   3. 指定代理和输出文件名：
 #      sudo ./backup_sd.sh 192.168.1.100 /home/pi/backup/my-rpi-backup.img
 #
 #   4. 使用默认代理但指定输出文件名（需要提供第一个参数）：
 #      sudo ./backup_sd.sh 192.168.3.121 /home/pi/backup/my-rpi-backup.img
 #
 # 注意事项：
 #   1. 必须使用root权限运行（使用sudo）
 #   2. 脚本会自动安装所需依赖：dosfstools, parted, kpartx, rsync
 #   3. 需要通过HTTP代理下载PiShrink优化工具（代理端口7890）
 #   4. 备份镜像大小约为已使用空间的1.5倍（使用rsync模式）
 #   5. 备份过程中会排除以下目录：
 #      - .vscode-server, .cache, .ros（开发相关缓存）
 #      - /dev, /proc, /sys, /tmp（系统虚拟目录）
 #      - /media, /mnt, /run（挂载点和运行时目录）
 #      - 交换文件（swapfile）
 #   6. 确保目标路径有足够的磁盘空间
 #   7. 备份完成后会显示总耗时（小时、分钟、秒）
 #   8. 备份完成后，可使用dd命令将镜像写入新SD卡：
 #      sudo dd if=备份文件.img of=/dev/sdX bs=4M status=progress
 #
 # 环境要求：
 #   - 操作系统：树莓派OS（Raspberry Pi OS）
 #   - 必需工具：bash, dd, fdisk, rsync等（会自动安装缺失的工具）
 #   - 网络要求：需要能够通过代理访问GitHub下载PiShrink工具
 #
 ################################################################################

 set -eu

 PROXY_HOST="${1:-192.168.3.121}"
 BOOTDEV=/dev/mmcblk0p1
 ROOTDEV=/dev/mmcblk0p2

 MOUNT_POINT=/mnt
 [[ -d $MOUNT_POINT ]] || mkdir -p $MOUNT_POINT

 TMPDIR=/tmp/
 FILE="${2:-/tmp/rpi-`date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S`.img}"

 USE_DUMP=false

 # 进程锁文件
 LOCKFILE=/var/lock/backup_sd.lock

 # 用于cleanup的全局变量
 LOOPDEVICE=""
 MOUNTED=false

 cleanup()
 {
    blue "Cleaning up..."
    
    # 卸载挂载点
    if mountpoint -q $MOUNT_POINT 2>/dev/null; then
        umount $MOUNT_POINT 2>/dev/null || true
        blue "Unmounted $MOUNT_POINT"
    fi
    
    # 清理loop设备
    if [ -n "$LOOPDEVICE" ] && [ -e "$LOOPDEVICE" ]; then
        kpartx -d $LOOPDEVICE 2>/dev/null || true
        losetup -d $LOOPDEVICE 2>/dev/null || true
        blue "Cleaned up loop device $LOOPDEVICE"
    fi
    
    # 释放锁文件
    if [ -f "$LOCKFILE" ]; then
        rm -f "$LOCKFILE"
    fi
 }

 # 设置清理陷阱
 trap cleanup EXIT ERR INT TERM

 color_echo()
 {
    local color="$1"
    shift
    echo -e '\033['"$color"'m'"$@"'\033[0m'
 }
 green()
 {
    color_echo '1;32' "$@"
 }
 blue()
 {
    color_echo '0;36' "$@"
 }
 yellow()
 {
    color_echo '1;33' "$@"
 }
 red()
 {
    color_echo '1;31' "$@"
 }

 exit_with_error()
 {
    red "${1:-error!!!}"
    exit 1
 }

 check_root()
 {
    if [ `whoami` != "root" ];then
        exit_with_error "This script must be run as root!"
    fi
 }

 acquire_lock()
 {
    # 创建锁文件目录
    mkdir -p $(dirname "$LOCKFILE")
    
    # 尝试获取锁
    exec 200>"$LOCKFILE"
    if ! flock -n 200; then
        exit_with_error "Another backup process is already running. Lock file: $LOCKFILE"
    fi
    green "Process lock acquired"
 }

 check_devices()
 {
    if [ ! -b "$BOOTDEV" ]; then
        exit_with_error "Boot device $BOOTDEV not found"
    fi
    
    if [ ! -b "$ROOTDEV" ]; then
        exit_with_error "Root device $ROOTDEV not found"
    fi
    
    green "Devices $BOOTDEV and $ROOTDEV verified"
 }

 check_mount_point()
 {
    if mountpoint -q $MOUNT_POINT; then
        exit_with_error "$MOUNT_POINT is already mounted. Please unmount it first."
    fi
    green "Mount point $MOUNT_POINT is available"
 }

 check_file_exists()
 {
    local file="$1"
    if [ -f "$file" ]; then
        exit_with_error "Output file $file already exists. Please remove it first or specify a different name."
    fi
    
    # 检查目标目录是否存在且可写
    local dir=$(dirname "$file")
    if [ ! -d "$dir" ]; then
        exit_with_error "Directory $dir does not exist"
    fi
    
    if [ ! -w "$dir" ]; then
        exit_with_error "Directory $dir is not writable"
    fi
    
    green "Output file path $file is valid"
 }

 install_software()
 {
    apt update
    apt install -y dosfstools parted kpartx rsync
    green "software is ready"
 }


 create_img_file()
 {
    local file disksize 
    file="${1}"
    disksize="${2}"
    dd if=/dev/zero of="$file" bs=1K count=0 seek="$disksize"
 }

 make_part_for_img_file()
 {
    local file fat32_start fat32_end ext4_start
    file="${1}"
    fat32_start="${2}s"
    fat32_end="${3}s"
    ext4_start="${4}s"

    parted $file --script -- mklabel msdos
    parted $file --script -- mkpart primary fat32 $fat32_start $fat32_end
    parted $file --script -- mkpart primary ext4 $ext4_start -1
 }

 create_img_file_and_part()
 {
    local file="${1}"

    local boot_total_size=$(df -P $BOOTDEV | tail -n 1 | awk '{print $2}')
    local root_used_size=$(df -P $ROOTDEV | tail -n 1 | awk '{print $3}')
    local scale=1.1
    local disksize=$(echo $boot_total_size $root_used_size |awk '{print int(($1+$2)*'${scale}')}')

    blue "disksize is $disksize kb"

    create_img_file $file $disksize

    # 直接从sysfs读取（最可靠）
    local fat32_start=$(cat /sys/class/block/mmcblk0p1/start)
    local fat32_end=$((fat32_start + $(cat /sys/class/block/mmcblk0p1/size) - 1))
    local ext4_start=$(cat /sys/class/block/mmcblk0p2/start)

    blue "fat32_start=$fat32_start fat32_end=$fat32_end ext4_start=$ext4_start"

    make_part_for_img_file $file $fat32_start $fat32_end $ext4_start

    green "create $file and parted it success"
 }

 backup_rootdev_rsync()
 {
    local file="$1"

    local SWAPFILE=/swapfile
    if [ -f /etc/dphys-swapfile ]; then
        local SWAPFILE=`cat /etc/dphys-swapfile | grep ^CONF_SWAPFILE | cut -f 2 -d=`
    fi
    local EXCLUDE_SWAPFILE="--exclude $SWAPFILE"

    rsync --force -rltWDEgopHS --delete --stats \
        $EXCLUDE_SWAPFILE \
        --exclude ".gvfs" \
        --exclude ".vscode-server" \
        --exclude ".cache" \
        --exclude ".ros" \
        --exclude "$boot_mnt" \
        --exclude "/dev" \
        --exclude "/media" \
        --exclude "$MOUNT_POINT" \
        --exclude "/proc" \
        --exclude "/run" \
        --exclude "/snap" \
        --exclude "/sys" \
        --exclude "/tmp" \
        --exclude "lost\+found" \
        --exclude "$file" \
        / $MOUNT_POINT

    if [ -d /snap ]; then
        mkdir $MOUNT_POINT/snap
    fi

    for i in boot dev media mnt proc run sys boot; do
        if [ ! -d $MOUNT_POINT/$i ]; then
            mkdir $MOUNT_POINT/$i
        fi
    done

    if [ ! -d $MOUNT_POINT/tmp ]; then
        mkdir $MOUNT_POINT/tmp
        chmod a+w $MOUNT_POINT/tmp
    fi

 }

 backup_rootdev_dump()
 {
    sudo dump -0uaf $TMPDIR/tmp12345 /

    pushd $MOUNT_POINT
    sudo restore -rf $TMPDIR/tmp12345
    popd
    #sudo dump -0uaf $MOUNT_POINT/rootdev.dump / # sudo restore -rf rootdev.dump
    #sudo cp rootdev.dump $MOUNT_POINT
 }

 mkfs_and_mount_and_cp_files()
 {
    local file="$1"

    local boot_label=$(dosfslabel $BOOTDEV | tail -n 1)
    local root_label=$(e2label $ROOTDEV | tail -n 1)

    local loopdevice=`losetup -f --show $file | tail -n 1`
    LOOPDEVICE=$loopdevice  # 保存到全局变量供cleanup使用
    kpartx -va $loopdevice
    local device="/dev/mapper/$(basename $loopdevice)"

    local partBoot="${device}p1"
    local partRoot="${device}p2"

    [[ -e "$partBoot" ]] || exit_with_error "$partBoot not exist"
    [[ -e "$partRoot" ]] || exit_with_error "$partRoot not exist"


    mkfs.vfat -F 32 -n "$boot_label" $partBoot

    mkfs.ext4 $partRoot
    e2label $partRoot $root_label

    mount -t vfat $partBoot $MOUNT_POINT

    # boot mount point
    local boot_mnt=$(findmnt -n $BOOTDEV | awk '{print $1}')
    [[ -n $boot_mnt ]] || exit_with_error "boot_mnt empty"

    cp -rfp ${boot_mnt}/* $MOUNT_POINT/

    local opartuuidb=`blkid -o export $BOOTDEV | grep PARTUUID`
    local opartuuidr=`blkid -o export $ROOTDEV | grep PARTUUID`

    local npartuuidb=`blkid -o export ${partBoot} | grep PARTUUID`
    local npartuuidr=`blkid -o export ${partRoot} | grep PARTUUID`

    sed -i "s/$opartuuidr/$npartuuidr/g" $MOUNT_POINT/cmdline.txt

    sync

    umount $MOUNT_POINT

    mount -t ext4 $partRoot $MOUNT_POINT

    if $USE_DUMP; then
        backup_rootdev_dump
    else
        backup_rootdev_rsync $file
    fi

    sed -i "s/$opartuuidb/$npartuuidb/g" $MOUNT_POINT/etc/fstab
    sed -i "s/$opartuuidr/$npartuuidr/g" $MOUNT_POINT/etc/fstab

    sync

    umount $MOUNT_POINT

    kpartx -d $loopdevice
    losetup -d $loopdevice
    LOOPDEVICE=""  # 清理完成后清空
    green "mkfs and cp files success"
 }

 optimize_img_file()
 {
    local file="$1"
    
    blue "Optimizing image file..."

    # 安装PiShrink
    curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Drewsif/PiShrink/master/pishrink.sh
    chmod +x pishrink.sh
    
    # 直接修改原文件
    sudo ./pishrink.sh -v -n -d $file
 }

 set_http_proxy()
 {
    local proxy="$1"
    export http_proxy="$proxy"
    export https_proxy="$proxy"
    green "HTTP proxy set to $proxy"
 }

 ################################################################################
 # 主执行流程
 ################################################################################

 # 记录开始时间
 START_TIME=$(date +%s)

 blue "Starting SD card backup process..."

 # 1. 检查root权限
 check_root

 # 2. 获取进程锁（防止并发执行）
 acquire_lock

 # 3. 验证设备存在
 check_devices

 # 4. 检查挂载点状态
 check_mount_point

 # 5. 检查输出文件
 check_file_exists $FILE

 set_http_proxy "http://$PROXY_HOST:7890"

 # 6. 安装必要软件
 install_software

 # 7. 创建镜像文件并分区
 create_img_file_and_part $FILE

 # 8. 格式化、挂载并复制文件
 mkfs_and_mount_and_cp_files $FILE

 # 9. 优化镜像文件
 optimize_img_file $FILE

 # 计算总耗时
 END_TIME=$(date +%s)
 ELAPSED_TIME=$((END_TIME - START_TIME))
 HOURS=$((ELAPSED_TIME / 3600))
 MINUTES=$(((ELAPSED_TIME % 3600) / 60))
 SECONDS=$((ELAPSED_TIME % 60))

 green "All done. Backup saved to: $FILE"
 blue "Total time elapsed: ${HOURS}h ${MINUTES}m ${SECONDS}s (${ELAPSED_TIME} seconds)"
	#!/bin/bash

	################################################################################
	# 树莓派SD卡备份脚本（可安全地重复执行，即具备幂等性）
	################################################################################
	#
	# 功能说明：
	# 本脚本用于备份树莓派的SD卡，将整个系统（包括boot分区和root分区）
	# 备份为一个.img镜像文件，该镜像可用于恢复或克隆到新的SD卡。
	# 支持通过HTTP代理下载优化工具，自动记录并显示备份耗时。
	#
	# 使用方法：
	# sudo ./backup_sd.sh [代理服务器地址] [输出文件路径]
	#
	# 参数说明：
	# [代理服务器地址] - 可选参数，指定HTTP代理服务器的IP地址
	# 如果不指定，默认为: 192.168.3.121
	# 代理端口固定为7890
	# [输出文件路径] - 可选参数，指定备份镜像的保存路径和文件名
	# 如果不指定，默认保存为: /tmp/rpi-年月日时分秒.img
	#
	# 使用示例：
	# 1. 使用默认代理和默认文件名备份：
	# sudo ./backup_sd.sh
	#
	# 2. 指定代理服务器：
	# sudo ./backup_sd.sh 192.168.1.100
	#
	# 3. 指定代理和输出文件名：
	# sudo ./backup_sd.sh 192.168.1.100 /home/pi/backup/my-rpi-backup.img
	#
	# 4. 使用默认代理但指定输出文件名（需要提供第一个参数）：
	# sudo ./backup_sd.sh 192.168.3.121 /home/pi/backup/my-rpi-backup.img
	#
	# 注意事项：
	# 1. 必须使用root权限运行（使用sudo）
	# 2. 脚本会自动安装所需依赖：dosfstools, parted, kpartx, rsync
	# 3. 需要通过HTTP代理下载PiShrink优化工具（代理端口7890）
	# 4. 备份镜像大小约为已使用空间的1.5倍（使用rsync模式）
	# 5. 备份过程中会排除以下目录：
	# - .vscode-server, .cache, .ros（开发相关缓存）
	# - /dev, /proc, /sys, /tmp（系统虚拟目录）
	# - /media, /mnt, /run（挂载点和运行时目录）
	# - 交换文件（swapfile）
	# 6. 确保目标路径有足够的磁盘空间
	# 7. 备份完成后会显示总耗时（小时、分钟、秒）
	# 8. 备份完成后，可使用dd命令将镜像写入新SD卡：
	# sudo dd if=备份文件.img of=/dev/sdX bs=4M status=progress
	#
	# 环境要求：
	# - 操作系统：树莓派OS（Raspberry Pi OS）
	# - 必需工具：bash, dd, fdisk, rsync等（会自动安装缺失的工具）
	# - 网络要求：需要能够通过代理访问GitHub下载PiShrink工具
	#
	################################################################################

	set -eu

	PROXY_HOST="${1:-192.168.3.121}"
	BOOTDEV=/dev/mmcblk0p1
	ROOTDEV=/dev/mmcblk0p2

	MOUNT_POINT=/mnt
	[[ -d $MOUNT_POINT ]] \|\| mkdir -p $MOUNT_POINT

	TMPDIR=/tmp/
	FILE="${2:-/tmp/rpi-`date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S`.img}"

	USE_DUMP=false

	# 进程锁文件
	LOCKFILE=/var/lock/backup_sd.lock

	# 用于cleanup的全局变量
	LOOPDEVICE=""
	MOUNTED=false

	cleanup()
	{
	blue "Cleaning up..."

	# 卸载挂载点
	if mountpoint -q $MOUNT_POINT 2>/dev/null; then
	umount $MOUNT_POINT 2>/dev/null \|\| true
	blue "Unmounted $MOUNT_POINT"
	fi

	# 清理loop设备
	if [ -n "$LOOPDEVICE" ] && [ -e "$LOOPDEVICE" ]; then
	kpartx -d $LOOPDEVICE 2>/dev/null \|\| true
	losetup -d $LOOPDEVICE 2>/dev/null \|\| true
	blue "Cleaned up loop device $LOOPDEVICE"
	fi

	# 释放锁文件
	if [ -f "$LOCKFILE" ]; then
	rm -f "$LOCKFILE"
	fi
	}

	# 设置清理陷阱
	trap cleanup EXIT ERR INT TERM

	color_echo()
	{
	local color="$1"
	shift
	echo -e '\033['"$color"'m'"$@"'\033[0m'
	}
	green()
	{
	color_echo '1;32' "$@"
	}
	blue()
	{
	color_echo '0;36' "$@"
	}
	yellow()
	{
	color_echo '1;33' "$@"
	}
	red()
	{
	color_echo '1;31' "$@"
	}

	exit_with_error()
	{
	red "${1:-error!!!}"
	exit 1
	}

	check_root()
	{
	if [ `whoami` != "root" ];then
	exit_with_error "This script must be run as root!"
	fi
	}

	acquire_lock()
	{
	# 创建锁文件目录
	mkdir -p $(dirname "$LOCKFILE")

	# 尝试获取锁
	exec 200>"$LOCKFILE"
	if ! flock -n 200; then
	exit_with_error "Another backup process is already running. Lock file: $LOCKFILE"
	fi
	green "Process lock acquired"
	}

	check_devices()
	{
	if [ ! -b "$BOOTDEV" ]; then
	exit_with_error "Boot device $BOOTDEV not found"
	fi

	if [ ! -b "$ROOTDEV" ]; then
	exit_with_error "Root device $ROOTDEV not found"
	fi

	green "Devices $BOOTDEV and $ROOTDEV verified"
	}

	check_mount_point()
	{
	if mountpoint -q $MOUNT_POINT; then
	exit_with_error "$MOUNT_POINT is already mounted. Please unmount it first."
	fi
	green "Mount point $MOUNT_POINT is available"
	}

	check_file_exists()
	{
	local file="$1"
	if [ -f "$file" ]; then
	exit_with_error "Output file $file already exists. Please remove it first or specify a different name."
	fi

	# 检查目标目录是否存在且可写
	local dir=$(dirname "$file")
	if [ ! -d "$dir" ]; then
	exit_with_error "Directory $dir does not exist"
	fi

	if [ ! -w "$dir" ]; then
	exit_with_error "Directory $dir is not writable"
	fi

	green "Output file path $file is valid"
	}

	install_software()
	{
	apt update
	apt install -y dosfstools parted kpartx rsync
	green "software is ready"
	}


	create_img_file()
	{
	local file disksize
	file="${1}"
	disksize="${2}"
	dd if=/dev/zero of="$file" bs=1K count=0 seek="$disksize"
	}

	make_part_for_img_file()
	{
	local file fat32_start fat32_end ext4_start
	file="${1}"
	fat32_start="${2}s"
	fat32_end="${3}s"
	ext4_start="${4}s"

	parted $file --script -- mklabel msdos
	parted $file --script -- mkpart primary fat32 $fat32_start $fat32_end
	parted $file --script -- mkpart primary ext4 $ext4_start -1
	}

	create_img_file_and_part()
	{
	local file="${1}"

	local boot_total_size=$(df -P $BOOTDEV \| tail -n 1 \| awk '{print $2}')
	local root_used_size=$(df -P $ROOTDEV \| tail -n 1 \| awk '{print $3}')
	local scale=1.1
	local disksize=$(echo $boot_total_size $root_used_size \|awk '{print int(($1+$2)*'${scale}')}')

	blue "disksize is $disksize kb"

	create_img_file $file $disksize

	# 直接从sysfs读取（最可靠）
	local fat32_start=$(cat /sys/class/block/mmcblk0p1/start)
	local fat32_end=$((fat32_start + $(cat /sys/class/block/mmcblk0p1/size) - 1))
	local ext4_start=$(cat /sys/class/block/mmcblk0p2/start)

	blue "fat32_start=$fat32_start fat32_end=$fat32_end ext4_start=$ext4_start"

	make_part_for_img_file $file $fat32_start $fat32_end $ext4_start

	green "create $file and parted it success"
	}

	backup_rootdev_rsync()
	{
	local file="$1"

	local SWAPFILE=/swapfile
	if [ -f /etc/dphys-swapfile ]; then
	local SWAPFILE=`cat /etc/dphys-swapfile \| grep ^CONF_SWAPFILE \| cut -f 2 -d=`
	fi
	local EXCLUDE_SWAPFILE="--exclude $SWAPFILE"

	rsync --force -rltWDEgopHS --delete --stats \
	$EXCLUDE_SWAPFILE \
	--exclude ".gvfs" \
	--exclude ".vscode-server" \
	--exclude ".cache" \
	--exclude ".ros" \
	--exclude "$boot_mnt" \
	--exclude "/dev" \
	--exclude "/media" \
	--exclude "$MOUNT_POINT" \
	--exclude "/proc" \
	--exclude "/run" \
	--exclude "/snap" \
	--exclude "/sys" \
	--exclude "/tmp" \
	--exclude "lost\+found" \
	--exclude "$file" \
	/ $MOUNT_POINT

	if [ -d /snap ]; then
	mkdir $MOUNT_POINT/snap
	fi

	for i in boot dev media mnt proc run sys boot; do
	if [ ! -d $MOUNT_POINT/$i ]; then
	mkdir $MOUNT_POINT/$i
	fi
	done

	if [ ! -d $MOUNT_POINT/tmp ]; then
	mkdir $MOUNT_POINT/tmp
	chmod a+w $MOUNT_POINT/tmp
	fi

	}

	backup_rootdev_dump()
	{
	sudo dump -0uaf $TMPDIR/tmp12345 /

	pushd $MOUNT_POINT
	sudo restore -rf $TMPDIR/tmp12345
	popd
	#sudo dump -0uaf $MOUNT_POINT/rootdev.dump / # sudo restore -rf rootdev.dump
	#sudo cp rootdev.dump $MOUNT_POINT
	}

	mkfs_and_mount_and_cp_files()
	{
	local file="$1"

	local boot_label=$(dosfslabel $BOOTDEV \| tail -n 1)
	local root_label=$(e2label $ROOTDEV \| tail -n 1)

	local loopdevice=`losetup -f --show $file \| tail -n 1`
	LOOPDEVICE=$loopdevice # 保存到全局变量供cleanup使用
	kpartx -va $loopdevice
	local device="/dev/mapper/$(basename $loopdevice)"

	local partBoot="${device}p1"
	local partRoot="${device}p2"

	[[ -e "$partBoot" ]] \|\| exit_with_error "$partBoot not exist"
	[[ -e "$partRoot" ]] \|\| exit_with_error "$partRoot not exist"


	mkfs.vfat -F 32 -n "$boot_label" $partBoot

	mkfs.ext4 $partRoot
	e2label $partRoot $root_label

	mount -t vfat $partBoot $MOUNT_POINT

	# boot mount point
	local boot_mnt=$(findmnt -n $BOOTDEV \| awk '{print $1}')
	[[ -n $boot_mnt ]] \|\| exit_with_error "boot_mnt empty"

	cp -rfp ${boot_mnt}/* $MOUNT_POINT/

	local opartuuidb=`blkid -o export $BOOTDEV \| grep PARTUUID`
	local opartuuidr=`blkid -o export $ROOTDEV \| grep PARTUUID`

	local npartuuidb=`blkid -o export ${partBoot} \| grep PARTUUID`
	local npartuuidr=`blkid -o export ${partRoot} \| grep PARTUUID`

	sed -i "s/$opartuuidr/$npartuuidr/g" $MOUNT_POINT/cmdline.txt

	sync

	umount $MOUNT_POINT

	mount -t ext4 $partRoot $MOUNT_POINT

	if $USE_DUMP; then
	backup_rootdev_dump
	else
	backup_rootdev_rsync $file
	fi

	sed -i "s/$opartuuidb/$npartuuidb/g" $MOUNT_POINT/etc/fstab
	sed -i "s/$opartuuidr/$npartuuidr/g" $MOUNT_POINT/etc/fstab

	sync

	umount $MOUNT_POINT

	kpartx -d $loopdevice
	losetup -d $loopdevice
	LOOPDEVICE="" # 清理完成后清空
	green "mkfs and cp files success"
	}

	optimize_img_file()
	{
	local file="$1"

	blue "Optimizing image file..."

	# 安装PiShrink
	curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Drewsif/PiShrink/master/pishrink.sh
	chmod +x pishrink.sh

	# 直接修改原文件
	sudo ./pishrink.sh -v -n -d $file
	}

	set_http_proxy()
	{
	local proxy="$1"
	export http_proxy="$proxy"
	export https_proxy="$proxy"
	green "HTTP proxy set to $proxy"
	}

	################################################################################
	# 主执行流程
	################################################################################

	# 记录开始时间
	START_TIME=$(date +%s)

	blue "Starting SD card backup process..."

	# 1. 检查root权限
	check_root

	# 2. 获取进程锁（防止并发执行）
	acquire_lock

	# 3. 验证设备存在
	check_devices

	# 4. 检查挂载点状态
	check_mount_point

	# 5. 检查输出文件
	check_file_exists $FILE

	set_http_proxy "http://$PROXY_HOST:7890"

	# 6. 安装必要软件
	install_software

	# 7. 创建镜像文件并分区
	create_img_file_and_part $FILE

	# 8. 格式化、挂载并复制文件
	mkfs_and_mount_and_cp_files $FILE

	# 9. 优化镜像文件
	optimize_img_file $FILE

	# 计算总耗时
	END_TIME=$(date +%s)
	ELAPSED_TIME=$((END_TIME - START_TIME))
	HOURS=$((ELAPSED_TIME / 3600))
	MINUTES=$(((ELAPSED_TIME % 3600) / 60))
	SECONDS=$((ELAPSED_TIME % 60))

	green "All done. Backup saved to: $FILE"
	blue "Total time elapsed: ${HOURS}h ${MINUTES}m ${SECONDS}s (${ELAPSED_TIME} seconds)"
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