Histone modifications play crucial roles in regulating chromatin structure and gene expression. This cheatsheet provides a quick reference for the most common and well-characterized histone marks.
Histone Mark | Associated With | Function/Location | Writers | Erasers |
---|---|---|---|---|
H3K4me3 | Active promoters | Found near transcription start sites (TSS) of actively transcribed genes. Creates a sharp, localized peak at the 5' end of genes. Provides docking sites for chromatin remodeling complexes. | SET1A/B, MLL1-4 | KDM5A-D (JARID1A-D) |
H3K27ac | Active enhancers and promoters | Distinguishes active enhancers/promoters from poised ones. Often co-occurs with H3K4me1 at active enhancers. Mutually exclusive with repressive H3K27me3. | CBP, p300 | HDAC1, HDAC2, SIRT1 |