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November 4, 2016 01:03
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Quick and easy Python tutorial
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### 1. BASIC STATEMENTS ### | |
# These are examples of basic data types in Python. They're basically the same | |
# in all programming languages but are all presented slightly differently. | |
# String: "Hello" | |
# Number: 5 | |
# Boolean: False | |
# List: [] | |
# Tuple: [] | |
# Prints the computed value of x to the screen. Usually used for debugging. | |
print('Hello, world!') | |
# Prints 200 | |
print(10*20) | |
# Prints True | |
print(True) | |
### 2. VARIABLES ### | |
# Stores the value seperately so it can be reused. This does the same as above. | |
hello = 'Hello, world!' | |
print(hello) | |
# Change the variable. Prints "nope". | |
hello = 'nope' | |
print(hello) | |
### 3. BOOLEAN ALGEBRA ### | |
# 1 is considered 'truthy'. Any value or object evaluates to true unless it's a | |
# 0, False, None or an empty array. | |
if 1: | |
print('1 is true') | |
# This statement doesn't evaluate to true because these are all falsy values. | |
if 0 or False or None: | |
# Pass just means 'ignore this' when you don't want anything to happen. | |
print('Something above is true') | |
# An empty array is False. | |
if []: | |
pass | |
# However an array with values in it is true. | |
if [0, 1]: | |
print('This list is true') | |
### 4. I/O ### | |
### 5. Data Structures ### | |
# Create a list of animals and print it. | |
animals = ['dog', 'cat', 'rabbit'] | |
print(animals) | |
# Print the first animal in the list. Arrays start from 0 and not 1. | |
print(animals[0]) | |
# Change the 2nd value (cat to frog). | |
animals[1] = 'frog' | |
# Add giraffe onto the end of the list. | |
animals.append('giraffe') | |
# There are more data structures such as: | |
# 1. Tuples. | |
# The same as lists but the size _has_ to stay the same. | |
# 2. Maps. | |
# These are key-value, so a key matches to a value. e.g | |
# customer01: "Cameroon Broon" | |
# customer02: "..." | |
### 6. Iteration ### | |
# A small set of instructions can be run over and over. | |
for x in range(0, 10): | |
# This will print 11 times (not 10, because 0 is the start, not 1). | |
# The str(x) function makes x into a string. Only strings can be added onto | |
# strings. Likewise int(x) makes a string (with a number inside) into a | |
# proper python number. | |
print("Times this function has been run: " + str(x)) | |
animals = ['dog', 'cat', 'rabbit'] | |
# Print every animal in animals. This goes through every item in a list and | |
# puts the value of each item into "animal". The word animal can be anything you | |
# want, but it makes sense to be animal here. | |
for animal in animals: | |
print(animal) | |
### 7. Functions ### | |
# Returns the value of x multiplied by y, with ten added on. | |
def multiply_numbers_and_add_ten(x, y): | |
return (x * y) + 10 | |
# Store the value in a variable. | |
value = multiply_numbers_and_add_ten(5, 10) | |
# Prints 10 | |
print(value) |
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