by Cecil Curry (leycec), sole maintainer of beartype, a bald man in a cottage surrounded by a beautiful wife, three hairy cats of uncertain taxonomic status, and a pile of unread PEPs
PEP 827 introduces type manipulation operators to Python's typing module: composable primitives that construct, inspect, and transform type annotations at both static-analysis time (for type-checkers) and runtime (for frameworks like beartype, Pydantic, and FastAPI). This rewrite discards all content irrelevant to runtime type-checker implementors and rebuilds the conceptual hierarchy from the bottom up, because the original PEP assumes the reader already thinks in type theory. I do not. I think in isinstance().