diff_time_entity_state

SELECT
    old.state AS old_state
    ,new.state AS new_state
    ,old.last_updated AS old_last_updated
    ,new.last_updated AS new_last_updated
    ,LAG(old.last_updated,1) OVER (ORDER BY old.last_updated) old_old_last_updated
    ,new.last_updated - LAG(old.last_updated,1) OVER (ORDER BY old.last_updated) AS diff_time
FROM homeassistant.states AS new
LEFT JOIN homeassistant.states AS old ON (old.old_state_id = new.state_id)
WHERE old.entity_id = 'sensor.sensor' -- сенсор
    AND ((old.state::real < 50
            AND new.state::real > 50)
        OR (old.state::real > 50
            AND new.state::real < 50))
    AND new.state NOT IN ( 'unavailable', 'unknown' )
    AND old.state NOT IN ( 'unavailable', 'unknown' )
ORDER BY new.last_updated DESC