on /chad
fio --name=seq --filename=test --direct=1 --ioengine=libaio --iodepth=64 --bs=1M --size=4G --rw=readwrite
seq: (g=0): rw=rw, bs=(R) 1024KiB-1024KiB, (W) 1024KiB-1024KiB, (T) 1024KiB-1024KiB, ioengine=libaio, iodepth=64
fio-3.39
Starting 1 process
Jobs: 1 (f=1): [M(1)][100.0%][r=215MiB/s,w=235MiB/s][r=215,w=235 IOPS][eta 00m:00s]
seq: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=483105: Thu May 14 21:23:31 2026
read: IOPS=214, BW=214MiB/s (225MB/s)(1992MiB/9295msec)
slat (usec): min=1236, max=18539, avg=2911.41, stdev=996.86
clat (usec): min=4, max=332680, avg=140450.65, stdev=20997.03
lat (msec): min=2, max=334, avg=143.36, stdev=21.13
clat percentiles (msec):
| 1.00th=[ 102], 5.00th=[ 127], 10.00th=[ 131], 20.00th=[ 136],
| 30.00th=[ 138], 40.00th=[ 138], 50.00th=[ 140], 60.00th=[ 140],
| 70.00th=[ 142], 80.00th=[ 144], 90.00th=[ 148], 95.00th=[ 155],
| 99.00th=[ 194], 99.50th=[ 317], 99.90th=[ 334], 99.95th=[ 334],
| 99.99th=[ 334]
bw ( KiB/s): min=67584, max=243712, per=98.82%, avg=216860.44, stdev=39711.50, samples=18
iops : min= 66, max= 238, avg=211.78, stdev=38.78, samples=18
write: IOPS=226, BW=226MiB/s (237MB/s)(2104MiB/9295msec); 0 zone resets
slat (usec): min=984, max=20510, avg=1647.62, stdev=1083.85
clat (msec): min=2, max=333, avg=140.78, stdev=22.53
lat (msec): min=4, max=335, avg=142.43, stdev=22.80
clat percentiles (msec):
| 1.00th=[ 77], 5.00th=[ 127], 10.00th=[ 131], 20.00th=[ 136],
| 30.00th=[ 138], 40.00th=[ 140], 50.00th=[ 140], 60.00th=[ 142],
| 70.00th=[ 142], 80.00th=[ 144], 90.00th=[ 148], 95.00th=[ 155],
| 99.00th=[ 197], 99.50th=[ 321], 99.90th=[ 334], 99.95th=[ 334],
| 99.99th=[ 334]
bw ( KiB/s): min=79872, max=284672, per=97.93%, avg=226986.67, stdev=42492.92, samples=18
iops : min= 78, max= 278, avg=221.67, stdev=41.50, samples=18
lat (usec) : 10=0.02%
lat (msec) : 4=0.02%, 10=0.10%, 20=0.12%, 50=0.37%, 100=0.59%
lat (msec) : 250=97.90%, 500=0.88%
cpu : usr=0.93%, sys=33.52%, ctx=4105, majf=0, minf=12
IO depths : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.2%, 16=0.4%, 32=0.8%, >=64=98.5%
submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.1%, >=64=0.0%
issued rwts: total=1992,2104,0,0 short=0,0,0,0 dropped=0,0,0,0
latency : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=64
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
READ: bw=214MiB/s (225MB/s), 214MiB/s-214MiB/s (225MB/s-225MB/s), io=1992MiB (2089MB), run=9295-9295msec
WRITE: bw=226MiB/s (237MB/s), 226MiB/s-226MiB/s (237MB/s-237MB/s), io=2104MiB (2206MB), run=9295-9295msec
fio --randrepeat=1 --ioengine=libaio --direct=1 --gtod_reduce=1 --name=test --filename=test --bs=4k --iodepth=64 --size=4G --readwrite=randrw --rwmixread=75
test: (g=0): rw=randrw, bs=(R) 4096B-4096B, (W) 4096B-4096B, (T) 4096B-4096B, ioengine=libaio, iodepth=64
fio-3.39
Starting 1 process
Jobs: 1 (f=1): [m(1)][99.6%][r=10.7MiB/s,w=3811KiB/s][r=2750,w=952 IOPS][eta 00m:02s]
test: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=483178: Thu May 14 21:33:57 2026
read: IOPS=1411, BW=5646KiB/s (5782kB/s)(3070MiB/556773msec)
bw ( KiB/s): min= 1432, max=14080, per=99.98%, avg=5645.68, stdev=1542.72, samples=1113
iops : min= 358, max= 3520, avg=1411.40, stdev=385.67, samples=1113
write: IOPS=471, BW=1887KiB/s (1932kB/s)(1026MiB/556773msec); 0 zone resets
bw ( KiB/s): min= 400, max= 4681, per=99.95%, avg=1886.89, stdev=523.58, samples=1113
iops : min= 100, max= 1170, avg=471.70, stdev=130.89, samples=1113
cpu : usr=0.28%, sys=4.01%, ctx=773878, majf=0, minf=5
IO depths : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=0.1%, >=64=100.0%
submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.1%, >=64=0.0%
issued rwts: total=785920,262656,0,0 short=0,0,0,0 dropped=0,0,0,0
latency : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=64
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
READ: bw=5646KiB/s (5782kB/s), 5646KiB/s-5646KiB/s (5782kB/s-5782kB/s), io=3070MiB (3219MB), run=556773-556773msec
WRITE: bw=1887KiB/s (1932kB/s), 1887KiB/s-1887KiB/s (1932kB/s-1932kB/s), io=1026MiB (1076MB), run=556773-556773msec
on /:
fio --name=seq --filename=test --direct=1 --ioengine=libaio --iodepth=64 --bs=1M --size=4G --rw=readwrite
seq: (g=0): rw=rw, bs=(R) 1024KiB-1024KiB, (W) 1024KiB-1024KiB, (T) 1024KiB-1024KiB, ioengine=libaio, iodepth=64
fio-3.39
Starting 1 process
Jobs: 1 (f=1)
seq: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=483654: Thu May 14 21:42:47 2026
read: IOPS=1445, BW=1446MiB/s (1516MB/s)(1992MiB/1378msec)
slat (nsec): min=3364, max=89463, avg=6350.31, stdev=5691.15
clat (usec): min=1990, max=45499, avg=13929.42, stdev=6514.46
lat (usec): min=1995, max=45504, avg=13935.77, stdev=6514.36
clat percentiles (usec):
| 1.00th=[ 3261], 5.00th=[ 5080], 10.00th=[ 6849], 20.00th=[ 8979],
| 30.00th=[10552], 40.00th=[11469], 50.00th=[12518], 60.00th=[13960],
| 70.00th=[16057], 80.00th=[18220], 90.00th=[22676], 95.00th=[26608],
| 99.00th=[34341], 99.50th=[37487], 99.90th=[45351], 99.95th=[45351],
| 99.99th=[45351]
bw ( MiB/s): min= 1330, max= 1560, per=99.96%, avg=1445.00, stdev=162.63, samples=2
iops : min= 1330, max= 1560, avg=1445.00, stdev=162.63, samples=2
write: IOPS=1526, BW=1527MiB/s (1601MB/s)(2104MiB/1378msec); 0 zone resets
slat (usec): min=16, max=230, avg=49.33, stdev=14.52
clat (usec): min=2199, max=65876, avg=28598.71, stdev=10691.31
lat (usec): min=2250, max=65932, avg=28648.04, stdev=10689.68
clat percentiles (usec):
| 1.00th=[ 7767], 5.00th=[12387], 10.00th=[15270], 20.00th=[19792],
| 30.00th=[22938], 40.00th=[24773], 50.00th=[27132], 60.00th=[29492],
| 70.00th=[33817], 80.00th=[37487], 90.00th=[43779], 95.00th=[47449],
| 99.00th=[56886], 99.50th=[60031], 99.90th=[65799], 99.95th=[65799],
| 99.99th=[65799]
bw ( MiB/s): min= 1416, max= 1564, per=97.59%, avg=1490.00, stdev=104.65, samples=2
iops : min= 1416, max= 1564, avg=1490.00, stdev=104.65, samples=2
lat (msec) : 2=0.02%, 4=1.56%, 10=12.30%, 20=38.40%, 50=46.07%
lat (msec) : 100=1.64%
cpu : usr=8.71%, sys=0.29%, ctx=256, majf=0, minf=10
IO depths : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.2%, 16=0.4%, 32=0.8%, >=64=98.5%
submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.1%, >=64=0.0%
issued rwts: total=1992,2104,0,0 short=0,0,0,0 dropped=0,0,0,0
latency : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=64
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
READ: bw=1446MiB/s (1516MB/s), 1446MiB/s-1446MiB/s (1516MB/s-1516MB/s), io=1992MiB (2089MB), run=1378-1378msec
WRITE: bw=1527MiB/s (1601MB/s), 1527MiB/s-1527MiB/s (1601MB/s-1601MB/s), io=2104MiB (2206MB), run=1378-1378msec
Disk stats (read/write):
vda: ios=1724/1770, sectors=3407872/3524608, merge=0/0, ticks=22796/49562, in_queue=72358, util=81.86%
fio --randrepeat=1 --ioengine=libaio --direct=1 --gtod_reduce=1 --name=test --filename=test --bs=4k --iodepth=64 --size=4G --readwrite=randrw --rwmixread=75
test: (g=0): rw=randrw, bs=(R) 4096B-4096B, (W) 4096B-4096B, (T) 4096B-4096B, ioengine=libaio, iodepth=64
fio-3.39
Starting 1 process
Jobs: 1 (f=1): [m(1)][100.0%][r=497MiB/s,w=166MiB/s][r=127k,w=42.5k IOPS][eta 00m:00s]
test: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=483658: Thu May 14 21:43:47 2026
read: IOPS=117k, BW=458MiB/s (481MB/s)(3070MiB/6699msec)
bw ( KiB/s): min=262560, max=529424, per=99.75%, avg=468101.54, stdev=82616.03, samples=13
iops : min=65640, max=132356, avg=117025.69, stdev=20653.95, samples=13
write: IOPS=39.2k, BW=153MiB/s (161MB/s)(1026MiB/6699msec); 0 zone resets
bw ( KiB/s): min=87248, max=177128, per=99.80%, avg=156527.38, stdev=27933.09, samples=13
iops : min=21812, max=44282, avg=39131.85, stdev=6983.27, samples=13
cpu : usr=10.66%, sys=41.85%, ctx=75694, majf=0, minf=8
IO depths : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=0.1%, 32=0.1%, >=64=100.0%
submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.1%, >=64=0.0%
issued rwts: total=785920,262656,0,0 short=0,0,0,0 dropped=0,0,0,0
latency : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=64
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
READ: bw=458MiB/s (481MB/s), 458MiB/s-458MiB/s (481MB/s-481MB/s), io=3070MiB (3219MB), run=6699-6699msec
WRITE: bw=153MiB/s (161MB/s), 153MiB/s-153MiB/s (161MB/s-161MB/s), io=1026MiB (1076MB), run=6699-6699msec
Disk stats (read/write):
vda: ios=778707/260205, sectors=6229656/2081648, merge=0/1, ticks=296172/76996, in_queue=373169, util=61.57%