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跳舞问题
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\documentclass[UTF-8]{ctexart} | |
\usepackage{amsmath} | |
\title{跳舞问题} | |
\author{billchenchina} | |
\date{\today} | |
\begin{document} | |
\maketitle | |
\section*{问题描述} | |
毕业舞会上,小伙子与姑娘跳舞。已知每个小伙子至少与一个姑娘跳过舞,但未能与所有姑娘跳过舞。同样地,每个姑娘也至少与一个小伙子跳舞,但也未能与所有的小伙子跳过舞。 | |
证明:在所有参加舞会的小伙与姑娘中,必可找到两个小伙子和两个姑娘,这两个小伙子中的每一个只与这两个姑娘中的一个跳过舞,二者两个姑娘中的每一个也只与这两个小伙中的一个跳过舞。 | |
\section*{一种解法} | |
设男生集合为F,女生集合为G。 | |
要想证明此问题,只需\(\exists{(f_i, f_j)}\),使得\(\exists{(x, y)}\),\(g_{i_{x}}\notin G_j\)、\(g_{j_{y}} \notin G_i\)。 | |
即只需证明\(G_i \not\subseteq G_j\)且\(G_j \not\subseteq G_i\)。 | |
假设不存在\((f_i, f_j)\),使得\(G_i \not\subseteq G_j\)且\(G_j \not\subseteq G_i\),则存在一种顺序\(w_i\)使得\( \emptyset \neq G_{w_1} \subseteq G_{w_2} \subseteq G_{w_3} \subseteq \cdots \subset G\) | |
由于所有女生都跳过舞,即 \(\cup G_i = G\),矛盾。 | |
所以原命题成立。 | |
\end{document} |
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