How declarations work in C

c_declarations.c

int a;            // a evaluates to int                        -> a is an int
int *a;           // *a (dereferencing) evaluates to int       -> a is a pointer to int
int a();          // a() evaluates to int                      -> a is a function that returns int
int *a();         // () has higher precedence ≃ int *(a())     -> deref a() evaluates to int -> a is a function that returns pointer to int
int (*a)();       // (*a)() evaluates to int                   -> a is a pointer to function that returns int

int a[10];        // a[i] evaluates to int                     -> a is an array of 10 integers
int *a[10];       // [] has higher precedence ≃ int *(a[10])   -> deref a[i] evaluates to int -> a is an array of 10 pointers to int
int (*a)[10];     // (*a)[i] evaluates to int                  -> a is a pointer to an array of 10 integers

int a()[10];      // [] has higher precedence than ()          -> INVALID (functions can't return arrays)
int (*a())[10];   // (*a())[i] evaluates to int                -> a is a function returning pointer to array of 10 integers
int (*a[10])();   // (*a[i])() evaluates to int                -> a is an array of 10 pointers to functions returning int

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

T const;        // const of type T

int const a;    // a is a const integer
int const *a;   // a is a pointer to const integer
int * const a;  // a is a const pointer to an integer