Official redirects (still up-to-date):
https://aka.ms/vs/16/release/vs_community.exe
https://aka.ms/vs/16/release/vs_professional.exe
https://aka.ms/vs/16/release/vs_enterprise.exe
Direct links:
https://download.visualstudio.microsoft.com/download/pr/e94529d9-a84d-4e6b-86e5-116c79d6eeae/914bd97e2a04ce8cda8e6905549e3a71b60eb418c51f5fd960dff1806c82591b/vs_Community.exe
https://download.visualstudio.microsoft.com/download/pr/e94529d9-a84d-4e6b-86e5-116c79d6eeae/537ea37dece11fc094d1d45d02c6aca44e89383fc2035214ae1c17913a3710d7/vs_Professional.exe
https://download.visualstudio.microsoft.com/download/pr/e94529d9-a84d-4e6b-86e5-116c79d6eeae/3252a593ca796e48e68c5d0f6326395a99d74b5b0d28ca5c5283bdd74a4892d9/vs_Enterprise.exe
Source: https://www.reddit.com/r/VisualStudio/comments/171cncs/comment/k3px54v/
Direct links:
https://download.visualstudio.microsoft.com/download/pr/473f1a59-e5bc-4332-8f76-5ff45df9cd24/b2dac8feceffd0e395c7dfc4f0da5374d1894394ccd5197dac3abcaf715ba64b/vs_Community.exe
https://download.visualstudio.microsoft.com/download/pr/f157b16a-4b01-4fc4-931e-96f983f152c5/5d1b5db1dc21fb7305c8b26102751037161abadad0e2acbc5d920dbd75a6629e/vs_Professional.exe
https://download.visualstudio.microsoft.com/download/pr/9dda1e7c-39a2-4291-8ae8-0b9e054097d0/420e6de87aa0b7929ec0e38cfdb5d020a878cf9eae23cbf69c94c61eb7fd6f1d/vs_Enterprise.exe
Old redirects (check direct links with Internet Archive):
https://aka.ms/vs/15/release/vs_community.exe
https://aka.ms/vs/15/release/vs_professional.exe
https://aka.ms/vs/15/release/vs_enterprise.exe
https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=708984
https://download.microsoft.com/download/c/2/6/c26892d8-6a5d-4871-9d46-629f4d430146/vs2015.3.vsu.iso
https://download.microsoft.com/download/b/e/d/bedddfc4-55f4-4748-90a8-ffe38a40e89f/vs2015.3.com_enu.iso
https://download.microsoft.com/download/e/b/c/ebc2c43f-3821-4a0b-82b1-d05368af1604/vs2015.3.pro_enu.iso
https://download.microsoft.com/download/8/4/3/843ec655-1b67-46c3-a7a4-10a1159cfa84/vs2015.3.ent_enu.iso
Source: https://stackoverflow.com/a/40068343
http://go.microsoft.com/?linkid=9863609
https://download.microsoft.com/download/7/1/B/71BA74D8-B9A0-4E6C-9159-A8335D54437E/vs2013.4_ce_enu.iso
https://download.microsoft.com/download/0/4/1/0414085C-27A6-4842-ABC5-F545950A592F/vs2013.3.iso
https://download.microsoft.com/download/0/4/1/0414085C-27A6-4842-ABC5-F545950A592F/VS2013.3.exe
https://download.microsoft.com/download/0/7/5/0755898A-ED1B-4E11-BC04-6B9B7D82B1E4/VS2013_RTM_ULT_CHS.iso
https://download.microsoft.com/download/2/5/5/255DCCB6-F364-4ED8-9758-EF0734CA86B8/vs2013.3_dskexp_ENU.iso
Source: https://www.hanselman.com/blog/DownloadVisualStudioExpress.aspx
https://download.microsoft.com/download/1/F/5/1F519CC5-0B90-4EA3-8159-33BFB97EF4D9/VS2012_WDX_ENU.iso
https://web.archive.org/web/20140424044344if_/http://download.microsoft.com/download/1/E/5/1E5F1C0A-0D5B-426A-A603-1798B951DDAE/VS2010Express1.iso
https://download.microsoft.com/download/0/4/3/0434418f-7f3d-4dd6-9846-13f75353ff80/VS2008ProEdition90DayTrialESNX1435990.iso
https://download.microsoft.com/download/8/B/5/8B5804AD-4990-40D0-A6AA-CE894CBBB3DC/VS2008ExpressENUX1397868.iso
https://download.microsoft.com/download/A/9/1/A91D6B2B-A798-47DF-9C7E-A97854B7DD18/VC.iso
https://download.microsoft.com/download/D/9/C/D9C35F20-A749-4E25-A306-DE20B93AB8C0/VB.iso
https://download.microsoft.com/download/C/6/F/C6F4733B-67C7-4C15-9F21-61F7A3167505/VCS.iso
Sources: